Effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & knowledge of practices of mothers of children of 0-5 years age regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection
Year : 2019 | Volume : 47 | Issue : 0 | Page : 48
MJWI.2020/30
Mrs. Hemlata Thopte ,
Date of Web Publication 07-May-2019
ABSTRACT:“ A study to assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & knowledge of practices of mothers of children of 0-5yrs age regarding Acute upper respiratory tract infection in selected hospitals of Pune city.”Introduction: Acute (ARI) are major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. They account for nearly 3.9 million deaths every year globally. On an average a child has 5 to 8 attacks of acute respiratory infection annually. Acute upper respiratory infection accounts for 30-40% of the hospital visits by children. Key words: Acute upper respiratory tract infection, planned health teaching, knowledge & knowledge of practicesObjectives:To assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching by correlating score of pretest and posttest with selected demographic variables.MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study was conducted with one group pre-test post test pre experimental approach .Non probability convenient sampling was used for the selection of 60 mothers of children of 0-5 years of age .The data was collected before and after administration of planned health teaching regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection. Data collection tool was developed by the investigator and validated by 12 experts which included the Pediatrician, Nursing experts in the child health specialty, statisticians & language experts. Statistical analysis was done by using descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, standard deviation) and inferential statistics by using Z score. Results: In pre-test knowledge score the 16.67% mothers had poor knowledge, 81.67% had average knowledge and 1.66% had good knowledge score .In Post-test the mothers had 95% good Knowledge score. In pre-test the knowledge of practices score was 1%, In the post test the Knowledge of practices score was 100 %. There was highly significant difference between pretest knowledge score and posttest knowledge scores and knowledge of practices score regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection among the mothers of children of 0-5 years of age after administration of planned health teaching.ORIGINAL ARTICLE :“ A study to assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching on knowledge & knowledge of practices of mothers of children of 0-5yrs age regarding Acute upper respiratory tract infection in selected hospitals of Pune city.”Thopte Hemlata (Sister Tutor) College of Nursing B.J.M.C .Pune.INTRODUCTION:“Children are loved by one & all; they win over our hearts with their angelic eyes and innocent smiles. It makes one realise that maybe that’s the way God wanted us to be.” PANDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU.In every country mother and children constitute a major segment of population. This group is known as vulnerable group, but new born and under five year children are considered as more vulnerable than any other age of life. Infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality and the under-five mortality are the sensitive indices of the total health of population of the country.1 Acute (ARI) are major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. They account for nearly 3.9 million deaths every year globally. On an average a child has 5 to 8 attacks of acute respiratory infection annually. Acute upper respiratory infection accounts for 30-40% of the hospital visits by children.2Respiratory disorders are often triggered by environmental factors. History of exposure to smoke, (cooking using firewood, passive smoking), inhalation of dust or seasonal variation of symptoms may offer important clues for the diagnosis of asthma.3OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:1. To assess the knowledge of mothers of children of 0-5yr age regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection.2. To assess the knowledge of practices among the mothers regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection.3. To assess the effectiveness of planned health teaching by correlating score of pretest and posttest with selected demographic variables.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with one group pre-test post test pre experimental approach .Non probability convenient sampling was used for the selection of 60 mothers of children of 0-5 years of age. 4 After taking permission from the institutional ethical committee, Permission obtained from the concerned authority of the Pune Municipal Corporation Kamla Nehru Hospital & Urban health center of Ruby Hall clinic .Informed consent has been taken from the participants. Data collection tool was developed by the investigator and validated by 12 experts which include the HOD of Pediatrics, Nursing experts in child health specialty, statistician & language experts. The tool used for data collection had two main sections. Section I includes demographic variables like age of mothers ,total number of children in the family ,number of children under 5yrs and type of family etc, Section II is classified in two major areas. Part I: Include with identifying mothers knowledge about the definition of acute upper respiratory tract infection, risk factor, causative factor sign & symptoms prevention, management & complication of acute upper respiratory tract infection 5, 6, 7. There are 23 questions: one point was given for the correct answer. Total knowledge score were 23.Section II: part II include with the Knowledge of practices of mothers regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection. It was classified in five specific areas such as prevention of acute upper respiratory tract infection, diet & supplementary nutrition, rest & activity; medical advice & home remedies.8, 9, 10Total 15 items were prepared on knowledge of practices questionnaire. One point was given for “Yes” response & zero score was given for “No” response. Further to assess the level of knowledge & knowledge of practices of mothers the score was grouped into categories like poor, average, good and based on the percentage of score.The reliability of the tool was established with Pearson r method ( r =o.76). The analysis of collected data was done with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. The data was processed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) using descriptive statistics (.frequency percentage, mean, standard deviation.). Significant difference between pre and posttest reading was tested by using Z test.Wilcoxan signed rank test to analyze the pretest & post test scores and correlation between selected demographic variables. P value less than 0.05 considered as Significant.RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS:I: 1.1 Assessment of effectiveness of planned health teaching by comparison of pretest & posttest knowledge score in study group Table 1.2 Pre and post test practice score of mothers of children regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection in study groupTable II: 2.1 Comparison of pre and posttest knowledge score about the acute upper respiratory tract infection in study groupThe above table shows that there is highly significant difference between the pre-test and post test knowledge about acute upper respiratory tract infection .i.e. p <0.001.It indicates that planned health teaching is effective in improving knowledge about acute upper respiratory tract infection in the study group.II Findings related to effectiveness of planned health teaching in terms of gain in knowledge and practices regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection.There was significant highly difference between pre-test knowledge score and post test knowledge score after administration planned health teaching. The calculated z value was found to be administration highly significant at 0.05 levels, On the analysis of response in all area of knowledge found to be significant .This indicates that planned health teaching was effective.Overall mean percentage of pre-test knowledge score was (81.67%) and which shows average level and overall mean percentage of post test knowledge score was (95%). Overall mean percentage of pre-test practice score was (51.67%) which shows average level. Overall mean percentage of posttest knowledge score was 100 %. III: Co relation of pre and posttest knowledge score regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection with demographic variables.This section deals with correlation of posttest knowledge score in relation to demographic variables i.e. Age of mother, number of children, number of children under 5 years, type of family, education, any past history of respiratory infection in the family is found significantly correlated with posttest knowledge score of the study participant.DISCUSSION:The mother must know how to take care of their under five children to prevent infection. The present study has incorporated all aspects of under five children regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection particularly keeping in view that the mothers had inadequate knowledge and practices.Sherene G. Edwin, (Nov 2009) has done a study to assess the effect of planned teaching programme on knowledge & practice of acute respiratory infection among mothers. This study was done on 60 mothers (30 each in the experimental and control groups.) of under five children with Adrian evaluation approach was used in this study and pre-test and post test quasi experimental design was used. The findings of the study showed the planned health teaching is effective as shown by the post test score of the experimental group11CONCLUSION: The findings of the study show that in the pre-test almost all, except a few of mothers had lack of knowledge and practices of mothers regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection. After administration of planned health teaching there was 95% improvement in the knowledge & 100% improvement in the practices.The study could help in bringing about awareness among mothers regarding acute upper respiratory tract infection. However continuous education on similar related topics could enhance their knowledge to take care of the child. Also mothers can disseminate the same information to families in the community.Acknowledgement:I express my wholehearted appreciation and gratitude to Dr. Khadse S. M.D Pediatrics , Pediatric department, B. J. Medical College) for her valuable guidance in preparation of the tool.REFERENCES:1.Bhatt SR. A char’s Text Book of Pediatrics .4th ed. Hyderabad: Press India Private Limited; 2009: 406. 2. Parthasarthy TK. Acute respiratory infection in children: Introduction . Available from http: //www.mediindia.net education/family medicine.3. WHO article: Acute Respiratory Infection, Sept 2009 (Available from 4. Polit Denise, Beck Cheryl. Nursing Research generating and assessing evidence for Nursing Practice .8th ed, New Delhi: Wolters Kluwer /Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publisher, 2008. pg.196, 25.5. ISSN. Indoor air pollution: major environment and public health concern. ISSN 0377-4910; May 2001:31 (5). 6. Berman Stephen. Epidemiology of acute respiratory infection in children of developing countries, Published the University of Chicago Press. Available from: http:// .org /stable /4455 984. 7. Parul Datta. Paediatric Nursing. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher, 2009: 2738. Luby Stephen P, Abotwala Mubina, Feikin DR,Painter John ,Billhimer ward, Altaf Arshad, et al. Effects of hand washing on child health: a randomized control trial. . July (25):250.9. Bandopadhyaya Gaytri. Care management practices of mothers as primary health care providers in the care of children with acute respiratory tract infection .Indian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, March 1999,( 2) :69.1o. Gregory J Forestall ,et al .A study to assess the effectiveness of home based steam inhalation therapy on the symptoms of clearance of acute upper respiratory tract infection among under five at selected semi urban area of Bangalore .Journal Of Advanced Nursing 2001;33:328-33.11 . Edwin Sherene. Planned teaching programme on practice of acute respiratory infection among mothers under five children. Nightingale Nursing Times, Sept 2007:70. --------- The end -------------
